"ethical bankruptcy": Is the operator to gift the head

gift exchange can be traced back to ancient clan society, it is actually a moral economy - social behavior. In other words, to be exchanged, the exchange of custom made bookmarks needed goods items, take the form of gifts. However, the gift exchange is not a commodity exchange, but a subject to be bound by reciprocal behavior of the code of ethics. The starting point is not the pursuit; net income; maximization, but the pursuit; net expenditure; to maximize the gift exchange, the purpose of the reproduction of social relations.
in the exchange of commodities, exchange of both the expenditure and return the synchronization process, the exchange is completed in a common point in time. For example, at some point, A give B a sheep (expense), but the A from B, where a cloth (return). Monetary economic conditions, exchange of the two sides have paid their dues in one hand and delivery. However, with this gift exchange; expenditures;; return; not a synchronous process, but the time to distinguish two different times. For example, A gave B a sheep, is the first stage. Then, in the second stage, that is, the moment of an uncertain future, A, can be obtained from B, where some form in return (return), the latter existing for a period between the former; time difference; For the recipient B to refuse to salute the risk to a minimum, gift exchange, must have some sort of contract. However, in ancient societies, gift exchange did not take; expressly contract; form, but to take; implicit moral contract; of the form. In other words, the gift exchange moralize.
French anthropologist Chalmers, in his book "gift" that dominated by the inner sense of morality, the gift exchange, gift giving and in return is an obligation. In the gift exchange, not only the gift is an obligation, and Shouli is also an obligation. Refuse the gift or the recipient an, as war is declared or break off. Shouli after, in return an obligation, otherwise it will be to belittle a person's reputation or face.
Clearly, a prerequisite of the gift exchange, the moral of the gifts are not salute the risk is greatly reduced. However, it is interesting, in a traditional society, the purpose of the giver of gifts, in their level of consciousness, not to the recipient in return, but out of obligation, or for access to fame and face. However, the giver of the gift-giving behavior, the objective will be placed; favor creditors; status, but also on the recipient; favor the debtor; position. Moral domination of the gift, the recipient under some kind of moral pressure, that is, in return the pressure. Accepted the gift, is accepted; favor debt;, while; favor debt; to be repaid. In return will become the recipient to offset their own; favor debt; giver; human Glasses Cases Wholesale claims; Be seen from the perspective of the giver, the surface is not; the recipient in return for the purpose; gift-giving behavior, in fact, will be the recipient of the substance of return (in return). In layman's terms; the subjective GiftMarketing53 sales market GiftMarketing53 sales and market to others; (gifts) behavior obtained; objective for themselves; the consequences of (in return).
; ethical investment; to; material investment;
the look from the point of view of modern rationality, the gift-giving behavior; ethical investment; return way is the recipient of the gratitude ( moral benefits, ie, reputation) and in return (material gain), the gift economy is a moral economy. However, the modern commodity economy, the transformation of the capital form does not need to link moral capital in the gift economy, the transformation of the capital form of moral capital intermediary, that is,
physical capital (gifts physical capital (in return)
) moral capital (human claims and reputation), however, unlike physical capital in the commodity economy, physical capital in the gift economy are often non-value-added. For example, the recipient had accepted gifts a bucket Valley, after a period of time, just salute a bucket Valley or the equivalent of a bucket Valley else on the line. Salute the quantity and quality more than quantity and quality of the original Shouli, not only in return offset all their; favor debt;, but also some of the new; human claims; and, in turn, will be the original; favor creditors ; placed; favor the debtor; position.
In traditional society, the purpose of the behavior and motives of the gift (physical capital) gift is the moral capital, rather than the recipient wholesale frisbees in return (physical capital). In other words, the moral capital is a gift-giving behavior; significant purpose; is its physical capital (back to the recipient in return); latent purpose; (did not realize).
today, the traditional gift-giving behavior is a continuation, however, its function and use of major changes have occurred. As mentioned above, the traditional gift-giving behavior is moral behavior, its purpose is to obtain the moral capital. However, today's gift-giving behavior has been utilitarian, its purpose is not to obtain the moral capital, physical capital, ie salute those who salute or return. Here, the giver, not value the gifts brought by the moral capital (reputation, such as; a good friend;,; sense of obligation;,; sense of justice ;), but this moral capital as the means and tools in order to obtain the recipient future in return (such as: the hands of the scarcity of resources). In today's economic and social life and political life, there have been many; grafting; traditional gift-giving behavior of the phenomenon, that is, the gift-giving behavior utilitarian a. For example, individual officials through; gifts; to a superior officer, training; private feelings;, in order to achieve the purpose of in the career guidance and help; through part of the corporate management personnel; gifts; to government officials to develop long-term; personal friendship; in order to obtain officials shelter, care and other benefits; to send patients to a doctor; gift; (red envelopes), for the coat is to be careful and safe treatment for this type of gift behavior is essentially a dressed; favor;; gift; trading extra large paper clips behavior of interest.
In addition, with the rapid development of modern commercial society, business practices have infiltrated every corner of human society, with a strong commercial purposes, business gifts with a certain emotional elements have emerged. Americans called special business gifts advertising, extend the capabilities of advertising promotions. Appropriate business gifts not only to play a role in advertising, but also to thank the customer at the same time also to consolidate and strengthen the existing good relations between the company and its customers. Appropriate business gifts not only express their gratitude, they will not embarrass the recipient, promotions will be effective.